đốc chứng
Definition
- Intransitive Verb:
- To become irritable, to become more stubborn or difficult in temperament: Describes a negative change in a person's or animal's character, often involving increased irritability, restlessness, or obstinacy.
- To become senile, to show signs of mental deterioration (archaic/regional usage): An older, less common meaning referring to a decline in mental faculties, particularly in the elderly.
Usage Examples
- Intransitive Verb:
- Người già hay đốc chứng. (Old people often become more irritable.)
- Con ngựa đốc chứng. (The horse is growing restive.)
- Bà cụ gần đây có vẻ đốc chứng hơn. (The old lady seems to have become more difficult lately.)
Advanced Usage Notes
- The word đốc chứng is considered somewhat archaic or regional in modern Vietnamese. It is primarily used to describe a worsening of temperament, not a physical illness.
- It often carries a nuance of the behavior being a persistent trait or state, not a temporary mood.
Variants and Related Words
- Cáu kỉnh (adj): Irritable, grumpy. (A more common synonym for the resulting state.)
- Khó tính (adj): Hard to please, difficult. (Describes a demanding character.)
- Lẩm cẩm (adj): Senile, doting. (Specifically refers to age-related mental decline.)
Synonyms
- Trở nên cáu kỉnh: To become irritable.
- Trở nên khó tính: To become difficult.
- Gắt gỏng (adj): Irritable, snappish.
Notes on Meaning
- The core meaning focuses on a negative change in character or behavior towards being more uncooperative, stubborn, or easily agitated.
- The reference to senility ("devenir gâteux") is an older, secondary meaning. In contemporary understanding, the primary sense relates to temperament, not necessarily cognitive decline.
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Grow restive, grow worse in the character
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Người già hay đốc chứngOld people often grow worse in the character
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Con ngựa đốc chứngA horse which grows restive
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